Another idea would be to have the resource names the same as the button names without the word "Button" in them.
For example, I have two buttons and two resources.

Button names:
cButton
c_sharpButton

Audio Resource names:
c
c_sharp

Notice this one button Handles cButton.Click and c_sharpButton.Click, and any other button.clicks I add to it.

Code:
Private Sub cButton_Click(sender As System.Object, e As System.EventArgs) _
	    Handles cButton.Click, c_sharpButton.Click

    ' get name of this button and remove "Button" from the name
    Dim keyname As String = DirectCast(sender, Button).Name
    keyname = keyname.Replace("Button", "")
    ' use the keyname to get the resource
    Dim mysound = My.Resources.ResourceManager.GetStream(keyname)
    ' play it
    My.Computer.Audio.Play(mysound, AudioPlayMode.Background)
End Sub