This will get the associated icons from files. You will need to add a imagelist and set the listviews smallimagelist to point to the imagelist.Also set the listview view property to smallicon.
Code:
Dim FolderPath As String = "Folder path" 'be sure to include a \ at the end of the folder path
Dim ExIcon As Icon 'Declare an icon to hold the extracted icon
'Load the files from folderpath to the listview
For Each File As String In My.Computer.FileSystem.GetFiles(FolderPath)
'Only shows the file name you can use substring to remove the extention
ListView1.Items.Add(My.Computer.FileSystem.GetName(File))
Next
'Loop through the list and extract the icon.
For i As Int32 = 0 To ListView1.Items.Count - 1
'Extract the icon
ExIcon = Icon.ExtractAssociatedIcon(FolderPath & ListView1.Items(i).Text)
'Check to make sure there is an icon
If ExIcon.ToBitmap IsNot Nothing Then
'Add the icon to the imagelist as a bitmap
ImageList1.Images.Add(ListView1.Items(i).Text, ExIcon.ToBitmap)
'Set the first listviewitems imagekey to point to the icon
ListView1.Items(i).ImageKey = ListView1.Items(i).Text
'Clear the icon from ExIcon
ExIcon = Nothing
End If
Next
This only gets the icon set to the file. If you need the icon from the file a shortcut is pointing to I think I can do that as well.