No. A client can only be a member of a single domain, however, if you create the computer account on the other domains you wish the computer to be able to access, you can logon to those domains by entering the username in the following form at the login screen:

DomainName\Username

Where DomainName is the name of the domain you wish to logon to (Not required for the domain the computer is registered to) and Username is the username of the account on that domain.