One of the root problems in many countries like those in Africa, Afghanistan, Mexico etc ... is the rampant corruption of Public Officials.

If I was the head of state, the first thing I'd do is pass laws detailing the punishment for taking bribes, stealing or acting against public interest.

Second create role-specific exams for those seaking government jobs, so we don't get morons making the decisions. (Better an economic professor getting the commerce-secretary job then say a friend of the Governor).

Create an anti-corruption force, have them interview civilians about which officials are asking for bribes, stealing money or putting their cronies in power. Try those officials in court, if there is enough evidence, have them thrown in jail and their wealth confiscated. If there is some evidence, but no concrete evidence, have them fired at least, just to be safe.

Do that and do it often. The officials that are still on the job, and the new ones that are coming in will be fearful. It's not just severity of punishment, it's also frequency of prosecution.

Once you stop the economic drain and civilian resentment that comes from corrupt government, you can start building your country.