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Thread: Navigating an XML structure - please help

  1. #1

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    Question Navigating an XML structure - please help

    I am writing what should be a simple Visual Basic program, but I am having trouble navigating an XML structure. In my code, I have some lines that retrieve XML from a website in the form of a string (responseBody), which I then dumped to a file – and when the file is dragged into a browser window, the XML looks fine. Here is a portion of that XML:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <weatherdata><location><name>Saline</name><type></type><country>US</country><timezone>-18000</timezone><location altitude="0" latitude="42.1698" longitude="-83.7849" geobase="geonames" geobaseid="0"></location></location><credit></credit><meta><lastupdate></lastupdate><calctime>0</calctime><nextupdate></nextupdate></meta><sun rise="2022-01-10T13:02:51" set="2022-01-10T22:22:06"></sun><forecast><time from="2022-01-11T03:00:00" to="2022-01-11T06:00:00"><symbol number="803" name="broken clouds" var="04n"></symbol><precipitation probability="0"></precipitation><windDirection deg="304" code="NW" name="Northwest"></windDirection><windSpeed mps="3.86" unit="m/s" name="Gentle Breeze"></windSpeed><windGust gust="7.49" unit="m/s"></windGust><temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.06" min="260.06" max="260.14"></temperature><feels_like value="253.06" unit="kelvin"></feels_like><pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure><humidity value="71" unit="%"></humidity><clouds value="broken clouds" all="66" unit="%"></clouds><visibility value="10000"></visibility></time><time from="2022-01-11T06:00:00" to="2022-01-11T09:00:00"><symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"></symbol><precipitation probability="0"></precipitation><windDirection deg="291" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"></windDirection><windSpeed mps="2.27" unit="m/s" name="Light breeze"></windSpeed><windGust gust="3.81" unit="m/s"></windGust><temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.25" min="260.25" max="260.37"></temperature><feels_like value="255.21" unit="kelvin"></feels_like><pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure><humidity value="74" unit="%"></humidity><clouds value="scattered clouds" all="29" unit="%"></clouds><visibility value="10000"></visibility></time></forecast></weatherdata>
    What I would like to do is simply this: Access the max temperature for the date/time 2022-01-11 @ 4:00 (which is within the times listed in the first <time> element). Would you please show me how to do this? I have tried:
    Code:
    Dim xd As New XmlDocument()
    xd.Load(New StringReader(responseBody))
    Dim nav As XPathNavigator = xd.CreateNavigator()
    but was not able to figure out how to get into the structure.

  2. #2
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    First off I don't really use VB much these days but this should do what you are asking. There are a few ways you can go about doing this, but I will show with xpath. Here is a simple console example.

    Code:
    Imports System.Xml
    Imports System.Xml.XPath
    
    Module WeatherReader
    
        Sub Main()
            Dim found As Boolean = False
            Dim MyDate As DateTime = DateTime.ParseExact("2022-01-11 04:00", "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm", Nothing)
            Dim sFrom, sTo As String
            Dim fDate, tDate As Date
            Dim doc As New XmlDocument
            doc.Load("c:\weather.xml")
            Dim nav As XPathNavigator = doc.CreateNavigator()
            nav.MoveToRoot() ' Start at the top
            nav.MoveToFirstChild() ' Move to <weatherdata>
            Do
                If nav.HasChildren Then ' If weather data has child nodes
                    nav.MoveToFirstChild() ' Move to first child node
                    Do ' Cycle through child nodes
                        If nav.Name = "forecast" And nav.HasChildren Then ' Repeat steps when forecast found and look for time child nodes
                            nav.MoveToFirstChild()
                            Do ' Cycle child nodes
                                If nav.Name = "time" Then ' When the  "time" node is found
                                    sFrom = nav.GetAttribute("from", nav.NamespaceURI) ' Get value of "from" attribute
                                    sFrom = sFrom.Substring(0, sFrom.IndexOf("T")) & " " & sFrom.Substring(sFrom.IndexOf("T") + 1) ' Format value for datetime
                                    fDate = DateTime.ParseExact(sFrom, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", Nothing)
    
                                    sTo = nav.GetAttribute("to", nav.NamespaceURI) ' Get value of "from" attribute
                                    sTo = sTo.Substring(0, sTo.IndexOf("T")) & " " & sTo.Substring(sTo.IndexOf("T") + 1) ' Format value for datetime
                                    tDate = DateTime.ParseExact(sTo, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", Nothing)
    
                                    If (MyDate >= fDate) And (MyDate <= tDate) And nav.HasChildren Then
                                        found = True ' found a match - this is just so a "Not Found" message isn't displayed at the end
                                        nav.MoveToFirstChild() ' Start looking for tempature childe node
                                        Do
                                            If nav.Name = "temperature" Then
                                                Console.WriteLine("The max temperature will be " & nav.GetAttribute("max", nav.NamespaceURI)) ' Print the value for max tempatures
                                            End If
                                        Loop While nav.MoveToNext
                                    End If
                                End If
                            Loop While nav.MoveToNext
                        End If
                    Loop While nav.MoveToNext
                End If
            Loop While nav.MoveToNext
            If found = False Then Console.WriteLine("Could not find tempature for date/time provided.") ' Not Found
            Console.ReadLine()
        End Sub
    End Module
    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/tro...avigator-class

  3. #3
    eXtreme Programmer .paul.'s Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    If you use xPath like this...

    Code:
    Dim wc As New Net.WebClient
    Dim newXML As XDocument = XDocument.Parse(wc.DownloadString("xml url"))
    you'll download your XML as this..

    Code:
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <weatherdata>
        <location>
            <name>Saline</name>
            <type></type>
            <country>US</country>
            <timezone>-18000</timezone>
            <location altitude="0" latitude="42.1698" longitude="-83.7849" geobase="geonames" geobaseid="0"></location>
        </location>
        <credit></credit>
        <meta>
            <lastupdate></lastupdate>
            <calctime>0</calctime>
            <nextupdate></nextupdate>
        </meta>
        <sun rise="2022-01-10T13:02:51" set="2022-01-10T22:22:06"></sun>
        <forecast>
            <time from="2022-01-11T03:00:00" to="2022-01-11T06:00:00">
                <symbol number="803" name="broken clouds" var="04n"></symbol>
                <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                <windDirection deg="304" code="NW" name="Northwest"></windDirection>
                <windSpeed mps="3.86" unit="m/s" name="Gentle Breeze"></windSpeed>
                <windGust gust="7.49" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.06" min="260.06" max="260.14"></temperature>
                <feels_like value="253.06" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                <humidity value="71" unit="%"></humidity>
                <clouds value="broken clouds" all="66" unit="%"></clouds>
                <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
            </time>
            <time from="2022-01-11T06:00:00" to="2022-01-11T09:00:00">
                <symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"></symbol>
                <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                <windDirection deg="291" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"></windDirection>
                <windSpeed mps="2.27" unit="m/s" name="Light breeze"></windSpeed>
                <windGust gust="3.81" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.25" min="260.25" max="260.37"></temperature>
                <feels_like value="255.21" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                <humidity value="74" unit="%"></humidity>
                <clouds value="scattered clouds" all="29" unit="%"></clouds>
                <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
            </time>
        </forecast>
    </weatherdata>

  4. #4
    PowerPoster ChrisE's Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    I would load all Data into a DataTable and Filter that, but thats up to you
    here a sample to select from the structure
    Code:
     Private Sub Button1_Click(sender As System.Object, e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
    
            'Dim myDoc As XDocument
            'myDoc = XDocument.Load("D:\Testfolder\grostonWeather.xml")
    
    
            Dim myDoc As XDocument
            myDoc = _
                <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
                <weatherdata>
                    <location>
                        <name>Saline</name>
                        <type></type>
                        <country>US</country>
                        <timezone>-18000</timezone>
                        <location altitude="0" latitude="42.1698" longitude="-83.7849" geobase="geonames" geobaseid="0"></location>
                    </location>
                    <credit></credit>
                    <meta>
                        <lastupdate></lastupdate>
                        <calctime>0</calctime>
                        <nextupdate></nextupdate>
                    </meta>
                    <sun rise="2022-01-10T13:02:51" set="2022-01-10T22:22:06"></sun>
                    <forecast>
                        <time from="2022-01-11T03:00:00" to="2022-01-11T06:00:00">
                            <symbol number="803" name="broken clouds" var="04n"></symbol>
                            <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                            <windDirection deg="304" code="NW" name="Northwest"></windDirection>
                            <windSpeed mps="3.86" unit="m/s" name="Gentle Breeze"></windSpeed>
                            <windGust gust="7.49" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                            <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.06" min="260.06" max="260.14"></temperature>
                            <feels_like value="253.06" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                            <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                            <humidity value="71" unit="%"></humidity>
                            <clouds value="broken clouds" all="66" unit="%"></clouds>
                            <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
                        </time>
                        <time from="2022-01-11T06:00:00" to="2022-01-11T09:00:00">
                            <symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"></symbol>
                            <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                            <windDirection deg="291" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"></windDirection>
                            <windSpeed mps="2.27" unit="m/s" name="Light breeze"></windSpeed>
                            <windGust gust="3.81" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                            <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.25" min="260.25" max="260.37"></temperature>
                            <feels_like value="255.21" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                            <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                            <humidity value="74" unit="%"></humidity>
                            <clouds value="scattered clouds" all="29" unit="%"></clouds>
                            <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
                        </time>
                    </forecast>
                </weatherdata>
    
            Dim DT As New DataTable
            DT = AddDataColumns(DT)
    
            For Each topNMElement As XElement In myDoc...<weatherdata>
                Dim headerElement As XElement = topNMElement.<forecast>.Single
    
                'For Each itemElement In headerElement...<time>
                '    'add Windspeed and Max Temp. to DGV
                '    summaryDT.Rows.Add({itemElement.<windSpeed>.Attributes("mps").ElementAt(0).Value, _
                '                        itemElement.<temperature>.Attributes("max").ElementAt(0).Value _
                '                        })
    
                For Each itemElement In headerElement...<time>
                    'add Time and Max Temp. to DGV
                    DT.Rows.Add({headerElement.<time>.Attributes("from").ElementAt(0).Value, _
                                        itemElement.<temperature>.Attributes("max").ElementAt(0).Value _
                                        })
                Next
            Next
            DataGridView1.DataSource = DT
        End Sub
    
    
        Private Function AddDataColumns(ByVal DT As DataTable) As DataTable
            With DT
                .Columns.Add(New DataColumn("Time(from)", GetType(Date)))
                .Columns.Add(New DataColumn("Max Temp.", GetType(String)))
            End With
            Return DT
        End Function
    to hunt a species to extinction is not logical !
    since 2010 the number of Tigers are rising again in 2016 - 3900 were counted. with Baby Callas it's 3901, my wife and I had 2-3 months the privilege of raising a Baby Tiger.

  5. #5
    Powered By Medtronic dbasnett's Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    I'd use XElement and LINQ.

    The data

    Code:
            Dim data As XElement
            'to load from site
            ' data=XElement.Load(url to data here)
    
            'FOR TESTING you can use a literal
    
            data = <weatherdata>
                       <location>
                           <name>Saline</name>
                           <type></type>
                           <country>US</country>
                           <timezone>-18000</timezone>
                           <location altitude="0" latitude="42.1698" longitude="-83.7849" geobase="geonames" geobaseid="0"></location>
                       </location>
                       <credit></credit>
                       <meta>
                           <lastupdate></lastupdate>
                           <calctime>0</calctime>
                           <nextupdate></nextupdate>
                       </meta>
                       <sun rise="2022-01-10T13:02:51" set="2022-01-10T22:22:06"></sun>
                       <forecast>
                           <time from="2022-01-11T03:00:00" to="2022-01-11T06:00:00">
                               <symbol number="803" name="broken clouds" var="04n"></symbol>
                               <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                               <windDirection deg="304" code="NW" name="Northwest"></windDirection>
                               <windSpeed mps="3.86" unit="m/s" name="Gentle Breeze"></windSpeed>
                               <windGust gust="7.49" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                               <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.06" min="260.06" max="260.14"></temperature>
                               <feels_like value="253.06" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                               <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                               <humidity value="71" unit="%"></humidity>
                               <clouds value="broken clouds" all="66" unit="%"></clouds>
                               <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
                           </time>
                           <time from="2022-01-11T06:00:00" to="2022-01-11T09:00:00">
                               <symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"></symbol>
                               <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                               <windDirection deg="291" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"></windDirection>
                               <windSpeed mps="2.27" unit="m/s" name="Light breeze"></windSpeed>
                               <windGust gust="3.81" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                               <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.25" min="260.25" max="260.37"></temperature>
                               <feels_like value="255.21" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                               <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                               <humidity value="74" unit="%"></humidity>
                               <clouds value="scattered clouds" all="29" unit="%"></clouds>
                               <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
                           </time>
                       </forecast>
                   </weatherdata>
    And then the code to get the max temp,

    Code:
            Dim maxT As String
    
            maxT = (From el In data.<forecast>...<time>
                        Let t1 As DateTimeOffset = DateTime.ParseExact(el.@from, "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss", Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
                        Let t2 As DateTimeOffset = DateTime.ParseExact(el.@to, "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss", Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
                        Let t3 As DateTime = #1/11/2022 4:00:00 AM#
                        Where t1 > t3 AndAlso t3 < t2
                        Select el.<temperature>.@max).FirstOrDefault
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  6. #6
    PowerPoster ChrisE's Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    Quote Originally Posted by dbasnett View Post
    I'd use XElement and LINQ.

    The data

    Code:
            Dim data As XElement
            'to load from site
            ' data=XElement.Load(url to data here)
    
            'FOR TESTING you can use a literal
    
            data = <weatherdata>
                       <location>
                           <name>Saline</name>
                           <type></type>
                           <country>US</country>
                           <timezone>-18000</timezone>
                           <location altitude="0" latitude="42.1698" longitude="-83.7849" geobase="geonames" geobaseid="0"></location>
                       </location>
                       <credit></credit>
                       <meta>
                           <lastupdate></lastupdate>
                           <calctime>0</calctime>
                           <nextupdate></nextupdate>
                       </meta>
                       <sun rise="2022-01-10T13:02:51" set="2022-01-10T22:22:06"></sun>
                       <forecast>
                           <time from="2022-01-11T03:00:00" to="2022-01-11T06:00:00">
                               <symbol number="803" name="broken clouds" var="04n"></symbol>
                               <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                               <windDirection deg="304" code="NW" name="Northwest"></windDirection>
                               <windSpeed mps="3.86" unit="m/s" name="Gentle Breeze"></windSpeed>
                               <windGust gust="7.49" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                               <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.06" min="260.06" max="260.14"></temperature>
                               <feels_like value="253.06" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                               <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                               <humidity value="71" unit="%"></humidity>
                               <clouds value="broken clouds" all="66" unit="%"></clouds>
                               <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
                           </time>
                           <time from="2022-01-11T06:00:00" to="2022-01-11T09:00:00">
                               <symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"></symbol>
                               <precipitation probability="0"></precipitation>
                               <windDirection deg="291" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"></windDirection>
                               <windSpeed mps="2.27" unit="m/s" name="Light breeze"></windSpeed>
                               <windGust gust="3.81" unit="m/s"></windGust>
                               <temperature unit="kelvin" value="260.25" min="260.25" max="260.37"></temperature>
                               <feels_like value="255.21" unit="kelvin"></feels_like>
                               <pressure unit="hPa" value="1035"></pressure>
                               <humidity value="74" unit="%"></humidity>
                               <clouds value="scattered clouds" all="29" unit="%"></clouds>
                               <visibility value="10000"></visibility>
                           </time>
                       </forecast>
                   </weatherdata>
    And then the code to get the max temp,

    Code:
            Dim maxT As String
    
            maxT = (From el In data.<forecast>...<time>
                        Let t1 As DateTimeOffset = DateTime.ParseExact(el.@from, "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss", Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
                        Let t2 As DateTimeOffset = DateTime.ParseExact(el.@to, "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss", Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
                        Let t3 As DateTime = #1/11/2022 4:00:00 AM#
                        Where t1 > t3 AndAlso t3 < t2
                        Select el.<temperature>.@max).FirstOrDefault
    I like it
    to hunt a species to extinction is not logical !
    since 2010 the number of Tigers are rising again in 2016 - 3900 were counted. with Baby Callas it's 3901, my wife and I had 2-3 months the privilege of raising a Baby Tiger.

  7. #7

    Thread Starter
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    Tewl: Thanks. I tried your code and it worked, but only kinda. When I did not include the code for finding the temperature, the code looped through the entire XML. However, once I added the temperature code, it would show the first temperature, then simply quit looping. Here is my code:

    Code:
                Do
                    If nav.HasChildren Then ' If weather data has child nodes
                        nav.MoveToFirstChild() ' Move to first child node
                        Do ' Cycle through child nodes
                            If nav.Name = "forecast" And nav.HasChildren Then ' Repeat steps when forecast found and look for time child nodes
                                nav.MoveToFirstChild()
                                Do ' Cycle child nodes
                                    If nav.Name = "time" Then ' When the  "time" node is found
                                        sFrom = nav.GetAttribute("from", nav.NamespaceURI) ' Get value of "from" attribute
                                        nav.MoveToFirstChild() ' Start looking for tempature childe node
                                        Do
                                            If nav.Name = "temperature" Then
                                                sTemp = nav.GetAttribute("max", nav.NamespaceURI) ' Get value of temperatures
                                            End If
                                        Loop While nav.MoveToNext
                                    End If
                                Loop While nav.MoveToNext ' breakpoint here
                            End If
                        Loop While nav.MoveToNext
                    End If
                Loop While nav.MoveToNext
    and I put a breakpoint where shown.

  8. #8
    Powered By Medtronic dbasnett's Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    See post #5
    My First Computer -- Documentation Link (RT?M) -- Using the Debugger -- Prime Number Sieve
    Counting Bits -- Subnet Calculator -- UI Guidelines -- >> SerialPort Answer <<

    "Those who use Application.DoEvents have no idea what it does and those who know what it does never use it." John Wein

  9. #9

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    Question Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    I believe that I am making some progress. I tweaked the code provided to this:
    Code:
                Dim elemWeather As XElement = myDoc.Root
                Dim elemForecast As XElement = elemWeather.<forecast>.Single
    
                For Each elemTime As XElement In elemForecast.Descendants
                    sFrom = elemTime.Attributes("from").ElementAt(0).Value ' marked line
                    For Each elemData As XElement In elemTime.Descendants
                        If elemData.Name = "temperature" Then
                            sTemp = elemTime.<temperature>.Attributes("max").ElementAt(0).Value
                        End If
                    Next
                Next
    It works fine, and gets the time and temperature values, but as soon as the marked line is hit the second time, I get the error "Specified argument was out of the range of valid values." I suspect that not more than a small change is needed... please help.

  10. #10
    eXtreme Programmer .paul.'s Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    This should run...

    Code:
    Dim elemWeather As XElement = myDoc.Root
    Dim elemForecast As XElement = elemWeather.<forecast>.Single
    
    For Each elemTime As XElement In elemForecast.Descendants
        sFrom = elemTime.Attributes("from").ElementAtOrDefault(0).Value ' marked line
        For Each elemData As XElement In elemTime.Descendants
            If elemData.Name = "temperature" Then
                sTemp = elemTime.<temperature>.Attributes("max").ElementAtOrDefault(0).Value
            End If
        Next
    Next

  11. #11

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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    .paul - thanks for the prompt reply, but it didn't work. When the marked line was hit the second time, I got the error "Object reference not set to an instance of an object."

  12. #12
    eXtreme Programmer .paul.'s Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    Try this...

    Code:
    Dim elemWeather As XElement = myDoc.Root
    Dim elemForecast As XElement = elemWeather.<forecast>.Single
    
    For Each elemTime As XElement In elemForecast.Descendants
        If elemTime.Attributes("from") IsNot Nothing Then
            sFrom = elemTime.Attributes("from").ElementAtOrDefault(0).Value ' marked line
        End If
        For Each elemData As XElement In elemTime.Descendants
            If elemData.Name = "temperature" Then
                If elemTime.<temperature>.Attributes("max") IsNot Nothing Then
                    sTemp = elemTime.<temperature>.Attributes("max").ElementAtOrDefault(0).Value
                End If
            End If
        Next
    Next

  13. #13

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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    Good idea, but I got the same error. I expanded elemTime.Attributes("from") in the debugger, and the Value was XmlQuery. I clicked the + and saw Name: Results, Value: Expanding will process the collection. When I clicked the + again, I saw Name: Empty, Value: Enumeration yielded no results.

  14. #14

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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    Problem solved: Replace elemForecast.Descendants with elemForecast.Elements.

  15. #15
    Powered By Medtronic dbasnett's Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    Quote Originally Posted by groston View Post
    Problem solved: Replace elemForecast.Descendants with elemForecast.Elements.
    It was solved in post 5...
    My First Computer -- Documentation Link (RT?M) -- Using the Debugger -- Prime Number Sieve
    Counting Bits -- Subnet Calculator -- UI Guidelines -- >> SerialPort Answer <<

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  16. #16
    PowerPoster ChrisE's Avatar
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    Re: Navigating an XML structure - please help

    Quote Originally Posted by groston View Post
    Tewl: Thanks. I tried your code and it worked, but only kinda.
    Post#4 loads all, and like I said you Filter after
    Post#5 has the Filter included

    so explain what you mean with but only kinda.
    to hunt a species to extinction is not logical !
    since 2010 the number of Tigers are rising again in 2016 - 3900 were counted. with Baby Callas it's 3901, my wife and I had 2-3 months the privilege of raising a Baby Tiger.

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