Benefits of science, religion, capitalism, & socialism.
How many of you have thought about the benefits of science, religion, capitalism, & socialism? Perhaps this should be two threads: Science & religion, capitalism & socialism.
My vote goes for science and capitalism as the primary benefactors, with religion not doing much for us, and socialism having a negative effect.
Consider war and crime.
None of them have done much to prevent war, crime, genocide, et cetera. While scientists are generally anti-war and anti-crime, science itself seems to me to be neutral on these issues. The other three (especially religion) talk against war and crime, but have not been very effective. The example of the USSR could be used as argument for socialism being in favor of government sponsored criminal activity, but some would say they were communists, not socialists.
On the issue of war and crime, none of the above seems to be better than the others, although maybe the pseudo sciences like psychology and sociology might become real science and have an effect in the future.
How about slavery and human suffering?
For the first 5000 or so years of civilization, most humans were slaves or serfs facing back breaking work for little more than a subsistence level life. They died young and suffered from various diseases. For most of that time, religion did not even go on record as being opposed to slavery or other inhuman working conditions. To the best of my knowledge, the Quakers were the first to officially oppose it about 200-300 years ago, and I do not remember any reference to another religion officially opposing it prior to the twentieth century. I think the old testament directed the freeing of Jewish slaves after seven years, but did not oppose slavery. Perhaps some theology buff can enlighten us on which, if any, religion officially opposed slavery, and when they first took such a position. Without considering official religious opinion, does anybody remember an individual opposing slavery on religious grounds prior to the twentieth century?
What about science (and its offspring, technology) and capitalism? They never took a position on slavery or human suffering, but they seemed to have done a lot to solve the problems.
If you had a serious infection, would you want antibiotics or prayer? If gangrene set in and you had to have a leg amputated, would you thank the scientist who developed anesthesia or the religious type who prays for your recovery?
Medical science has certainly improved the life of the average person far more than any of the others. I think this is slam dunk for science. Who gets your vote on this one: The hard hearted unemotional, uncaring scientists who had a positive effect or religion which told us to that suffering was part of god’s plan and that we might be happy after we die?
Why do you think slavery no longer exists in the more advanced nations? I believe it is due to capitalism. Not that the robber barons were nice guys. The change from feudalism to capitalism was an evolutionary process. It is just that you cannot run a complex modern industrial economy with slave labor. That was the downfall of the USSR. You can stand over a man with a whip and make him plant corn or dig a ditch. The man with the whip can tell when the slave is working, and the whip is an effective incentive. The man with the whip is not smart enough to know when to use it in dealing with most of the more complex tasks required for an industrial economy. Furthermore, a whip does not do a good job of motivating a man doing work more complicated than simple agricultural tasks. I once worked in a place that had an apropos joke: “The floggings will continue until morale improves.” Aside from being evil, a whip is not effective.
My liberal socialist-oriented teachers never had a kind word to say about industrialists, and generally portrayed them as evil. I look around and see automobiles, TV’s, computers, and all sorts of other wonderful consumer goods. Who is responsible for all the goodies I enjoy? I vote for Vanderbilt, Rockefeller, Ford, Rothschild, et cetera. Industrialists, robber barons, and bankers. I do not think that religious leaders or the likes of Karl Marx had anything to do with the good life I live.
Anybody want to claim that religion and socialism have done more for us than science and capitalism?
Science & religion, capitalism & socialism.
I would be inclined to say that my "votes" would be for Science and Socialism. I don't see why you lump socialism and religion together since socialism (particularly communist) is usually anit-religion.
Still, in reality, I think you have to take a bit from all four. The real question is the balance. Even though I know you (Guv) are in favour of capitalism, I bet you wouldn't be in favour of totally un-restrained capitalism? i.e. There needs to be some sort of regulation to prevent monopolies emerging etc.
I am (generally speaking) in favour of socialism but not in a traditional sense. As you (Guv) mentioned, there are problems with socialism such as incentive.
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Why do you think slavery no longer exists in the more advanced nations? I believe it is due to capitalism.
You may be partially right but need I remind you that of the western democracies, not many people would argue that the most capitalist nation would be the USA. They were also one of the last to abolish slavery.
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The example of the USSR could be used as argument for socialism being in favor of government sponsored criminal activity, but some would say they were communists, not socialists.
Is this not a contradiction? Surely a definition of a crime is an action against the state. If a state sanctions or "sponsors" an action then surely it is not actually a crime?
Besides, although countries like the USSR and China are, so called, communist nations, if you actually look at communist priniciples, their systems have very little to do with communism.
As for religion and science, I think they are tools to achieve different ends. Many people don't understand this and try to disprove one with the other. I think someone once said something along the lines of : 'Science is about how things happen, Religion is about why things happen'.
Sick sick restricted world
I don't vote for any of them since they all are against perfection, but on the other hand i don't care either since they all work to evolve perfection in "near" future.
Simon i was to write this after i read Guv's post but you mentioned it already :) Science vs Religion is an incompatible comparation. They do explain and bring up theories but in totally different scope. I'm sure most adopt science as reality but a lot of them also adopt a religion and live with the contradictions, by not caring. I don't care either but i'm not adopting any and stays sceptical. This is basically because the scope of religions are usually on a more lowlevel resolution, handling macroscopical theories and axioms that don't subclass what is visible. Science reverse engineers microscopical, visibile, highlevel axioms to conclude lower level theorems, which sounds reasonable but is in fact illogical, and yet there is no universal explanation to our existance, the basics of the language of reality.
Some semantic discussion.
Simonm: A comment of yours brings up a communication problem. Yes, by strict definition crime refers to some activity defined by a political entity to be illegal.
In the sense of that definition, the USSR committed no crimes against its citizens. The only word I can think of for them is Unethical, which also applies to Nazi Germany. Unethical seems so mild for use in the context of these totalitarian regimes, but I guess that is the word I should have used. Perhaps I should have said that they were bad or evil.
BTW: I consider the words ethical, legal, and moral as referring to entirely different, but often overlapping concepts.- Ethical to me means correct or right in some absolute sense related to the nature of a human being or other entity, without regard to any civil laws or religious beliefs. Ethical behavior for a tiger is different than ethical behavior for a person. If the tiger can outfight a competitor for food, killing him in the process, that is okay for the tiger, but not for a man. Oddly enough, tigers, lions, and other predators rarely kill their own kind, perhaps making them more ethical than people.
- Legal behavior is that which conforms to civil law, but is often not ethical. For example, the current US forfeiture laws are abominable, and I am surprised that the supreme court has upheld them. That is only one example from a nation which tends to have decent laws.
- Moral to me relates to activities (or thoughts) which are defined as sins by some religion, but which might seem quite innocuous to a nonbeliever.
Most people would agree that deliberate murder motivated by greed is bad under all of the above concepts, while being calm & pleasant is good under all of the above. Between those extremes I am sure that many of you do not have my perfect understanding of what is correct, good, proper behavior. Instead you rely on whims, laws, religious beliefs, what your mother told you, myths, et cetera.
Criminal versus property loss.
Innocent until proven guilty only applies when a loss of life or liberty is a possible consequence.
The burden of proof is much lower in non criminal cases. The level of proof necessary under the forfeiture laws is almost non existent. The property owner need not be proven guilty of anything. It is only necessary to provide reason to believe that a crime was committed, and that the property owner did not object to the alleged criminal use of the property.
The case of the man using his wife's car to have sex with a prostitute is a classical example. If the next door neighbor stole the car and it was reported stolen prior to the sex act, then the car could not be legally confiscated.
It might be confiscated anyway if the arresting officer did not know of the theft report. In this case, it could still cost attorney's fees to get the car back. If the car were reported stolen after the sex act, and the owner knew the thief, the car would probably be lost and gone for good.
I need someone to qwestion me (like Gen-X)
Alright Simon :)
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I do believe that we are enslaved by our own minds and that our minds interpret incomming information in a way that re-inforces our peception of reality and perhaps this is the same point you are making.
I feel both good and bad for this, for you, because i'm glad you understand me and even adopt my theories, or probably somone else Socrates maybe knew about this also but might never mentioned it, or is it me again then? It's so obvious that:
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'The only thing we can know is that we know nothing'
That's the point, the contradiction, the fact that i'm not accepting it (yet) makes it possible for me to think it's impossible and so on... And the fact that nobody yet (or what am i really saying?) has accepted it out of i don't know how many centillion sentient beings (or is it just me?) for how many cumulatively centiollion milleniums makes it seem impossible to do it at all. Or is it really?
In near future, theyre going to get me brainwashed, my brains robbed from all crap, (because of me ordering to do it) and having me taught this over again, until i know this is how it is, this is what i am. I might not even then accept this. There going to be generations and generations again with brainwashed humans, theyre going to do tests, brainwave matrix controlling devices, theres going to be fast fast fast evolution in a new way of thinking, not biologically but digitally enhancing my capabilities of thinking singleminded and to concentrate on this project. Humanity wont be itself, it will evolve into a i don't know what to call it... The big huge database of millions of the best computers processing the thinking of accepting the contradiction. And is that even enough? It has to be because who am i without my environment? I'm vanishing into nothing. Is that the way? Complete extermination of the human race? Then give me time to think, give me someone who knows what i'm doing, thinking, give me someone who can qwestion me and say where i went wrong, but don't give someone to tell me what reality is.
I feel bad because I expect more interest in the issue, i feel there has to be some big argument going on for this to get anywhere, i feel like you need to hit me to see if i fall to the ground or stay intact.
Maybe it's just either too selfevidently stupid that nobody gets anything or rolls their eyes to achieve what is best for them, but in fact is a defense mechanism that is induced by the fear inside of us or maybe it's just such a selfevident paradox that it seems ridiculous to even try to accept it. Maybe we need more evidence for it? How do you find evidence for a paradox? I don't know, I don't know but we might find similarities in other issues, something that always points to this contradiction and then somehow can tie together a solid proof that this reality doesn't exist. That this is just logically impossible.
:) Two (!) Issues and my solution to them.
To the implicit suggestion of Dumblaws, I thank no thanks because i'm serious. Doesn't mean this isn't fun to think about either :p
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I'm not going to argue with you, as you know, I already believe that reality is subjective.
One thought though: Surely there is something we all know: 'I think therefore I am'. This is something at least (even if it isn't much).
I believe we define reality using the tool of 'categorisation'. We put everything into categories by a process of descrimination. We observe simularities and differences based on a what we consider to be significant. What is or what isn't significant is based on our value system (what's important or unimportant to us).
Therefore it is conceivable that each being sees the world differently. Infact, the value system of the individual shapes the way (and what) they see in reality.
Real! This word is my favourite word :) What is real? Ambigous? YES! You said, and I knew you would (because you had earlier) back me up with the subjective reality. It's real isn't it? but it's not. "I think therefore I am" will work everywhere but in our subjective reality it fails, that is this is actually false, I do not exist, not because i think but because existance is defined for the subjective reality in which I happen not to belong to, the issue that makes scientist look at me with rolling eyes and say "it's self evident" (btw how can a scientist say that?) is the fact that I exist. It's wrong, it doesn't co-operate with any science, Quantum or not. Hence, and If there isn't a name for it, I'd like to name it, I introduced the hierarchy of realities you can extrapolate using the dream concept. I've looked it up, that the idea that universe, the subjective reality is your own imagination, is named Solipsism:
http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/s/solipsis.htm
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/8171/solipsism.htm (simpler explanation)
BTW I haven't read but some of the first paragraphs of the earlier link, (the serious academic one) and then decided not to read in fear i would intercept something new and then smudge my theories (they are purely mine yet, I did conclude what Descartes did to face Solipsism)
Anyways the issue I bringed up is of course the nature of this reality, how it is contradicting everything, why it is and what solution there is to this issue. this is not the issue on the academic page above, IF ANYONE FINDS ANYTHING EVEN CLOSE TO IT, LET ME FOR GOD SAKE KNOW! I'm dead serious about it. If dead serious doesn't sound like anything for those who actually understood what i've been babbling about, then i have no words for you ;) Now let's finally step one step up on the reality ladder i've built up for us, we find ourself in the source to this universe, objective reality, which by our minds got projected in our subreality, (when i use the pronouns like this, I don't care, i talk about everyone of us because i'm that kind of person, whether I use I, We, You or why not even It) Here in this reality "I think therefore I am" will work again, on the same basis as in our earlier reality, it's recursive, and it's not endless, thank god is it not because then there wouldn't be anything to project subrealities from. Assuming that Reality doesn't need to be singular, I mean that there can be multiple ones, i'm alternating most of philosophy really?, that there is no consistency between realities which makes statements like "I think therefore I am" fail, under all but the full set of reality hierachy tree. Or if you want to see it the other way, the full set realities in contrast to classical reality, there are inconsistencies.
On your third paragraph I agree, (this is about the issue on the Academic page) and am openminded to (as always I am because i'm that kind of person, who don't want to dismiss all others (like Solipsists)).(I wonder how you Simon tie this and subjectivity together?) I wanted to build the reality tree for all of us, maybe i'm just afraid to know the truth, the fear inside me tells me what to do, but contrapositively it's seems "likely" that a reality as a reflection of it's objective reality has multiple "souls" our "minds" as we call ourselves. Who would come up with such an idea, is it possible for an ultimately lonesome being to do that? I want to believe, deeply I want to believe that this is how it is, that we are connected hierarchially with a common destiny, in a Reality common to all of us.
If you don't find a way to tie subjectivity and the concept of "we" would you join my way of solving solipsism?