Query Join Properties

I have 2 tables. one (Data_Participant) has all of the data on individual participants. the other (Data_Main) has the data of how they participated per year. my Data_Participant table has a primary key (ParticipantID) which does not allow duplicates and the Data_Main table is setup w/ a non-primary key field (ID) which will allow dupes. these two fields are joined in my query with the Data_Participant.ParticipantID set to include all records and and only those records from the Data_Main.ID field where the records are equal.

to me, the join properties being setup like this would allow me to put any type of search criteria i would like under the Data_Main table fields and i would still get all of the Data_Participant's tables as a result, but only those from Data_Main that i had filtered.

ultimately, i'd like to see all of my Data_Participant data and only the Data_Main data that makes it through my filter/search criteria. am i not understanding how the join properties work?